An October 2022 study on mice by Northwestern Medicine said, 

  • "It is well known, albeit poorly understood, that insults to the body clock are going to be insults to metabolism,” 

  • “When animals consume Western style cafeteria diets — high fat, high carb — the clock gets scrambled,” 

  • “The clock is sensitive to the time people eat, especially in fat tissue, and that sensitivity is thrown off by high-fat diets. We still don’t understand why that is, but what we do know is that as animals become obese, they start to eat more when they should be asleep. This research shows why that matters.”

  • “We thought maybe there’s a component of energy balance where mice are expending more energy eating at specific times,”

  • “That’s why they can eat the same amount of food at different times of the day and be healthier when they eat during active periods versus when they should be sleeping.”

  • “We need to figure out how, mechanistically, the circadian clock controls creatine metabolism so that we can figure out how to boost it,” 

  • “Clocks are doing a lot to metabolic health at the level of fat tissue, and we don’t know how much yet.”