A November 2022 study by Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.

  • “It is well established that exercise is good for heart health, and our study now indicates that morning activity seems to be most beneficial,” 

  • “The findings were particularly pronounced in women, and applied to both early birds and night owls.”

  • “This was an observational study and therefore we cannot explain why the associations were more marked in women. Our findings add to the evidence on the health benefits of being physically active by suggesting that morning activity, and especially late morning, may be the most advantageous. It is too early for formal advice to prioritise morning exercise as this is quite a new field of research. But we hope that one day we can refine current recommendations simply by adding one line: ‘when exercising, it’s advised to do so in the morning’.”